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MRCP(UK) Part 1 written examination

The knowledge gate into UK physicianly training. Heavy on clinical sciences, pharmacology and statistics — the parts most candidates try to skip and then resit.

United KingdomMRCP(UK) Federation written

What is on the MRCP Part 1?

Questions or stations200 verified 2026-08-10 Source says: “a two-paper format... each paper... containing 100 multiple choice questions in 'best of five' format” check it yourself
Time180 minutes verified 2026-08-10 Source says: “each paper being three hours in duration” check it yourself
FormatBest of five, two papers
Adaptive deliveryNo
Pass markA criterion-referenced standard rather than a fixed pass percentage; the pass mark is published with each diet's results. verified 2026-08-10 check it yourself
BlueprintMRCP(UK) examination blueprints and regulations, MRCP(UK) Federation

Timing above is per paper; two papers are sat on the same day, giving 200 questions in total.

Verification status. All 3 published figures on this page have been read in the source document and dated above. Source of truth: MRCP(UK) examination blueprints and regulations, MRCP(UK) Federation. How we verify.

The MRCP Part 1 curriculum, section by section

Every question in this bank is tagged to one of the sections below, and the tag traces to MRCP(UK) examination blueprints and regulations. That is what makes a coverage claim checkable instead of a marketing line. The table shows exactly how many items exist in each section today, including the sections where the answer is none.

Coverage today: 17 of 17 sections. We publish the gap rather than hiding it.

Free sample questions

Full explanations for every option, including the ones you didn't pick. The option you nearly chose is usually the one you needed explained. Read these before paying for anything.

A 68-year-old man has 3 months of worsening exertional breathlessness, orthopnoea and ankle swelling. His jugular venous pressure is raised, he has bibasal crackles and pitting oedema, and echocardiography shows a dilated left ventricle with an ejection fraction of 30%. His NT-proBNP is markedly raised. What is the most likely diagnosis?

  1. Liver cirrhosis with ascites Fluid build-up caused by high pressure in the liver's blood vessels. It does not fit a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30%.
  2. Nephrotic syndrome Swelling caused by heavy protein loss in the urine and a low albumin level. Here, a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30% points elsewhere.
  3. Heart failure correct Correct. Breathlessness on exertion, orthopnoea (breathlessness lying flat) and fluid overload, together with a reduced ejection fraction and a raised NT-proBNP, point to heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction.
  4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Breathlessness in a smoker with narrowed airways. But a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30% does not point to it.
  5. Anaemia Breathlessness on exertion with a low haemoglobin (red blood cell) level. That does not match a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30%.

The point: Heart failure is a syndrome of breathlessness, tiredness and fluid build-up caused by a structural or functional problem with the heart. Doctors split it by the left ventricular ejection fraction (the percentage of blood the left ventricle pumps out each beat) into reduced (40% or less), mildly reduced and preserved categories. This split matters because only the reduced-fraction group has drugs proven to change the course of the disease. A raised natriuretic peptide (BNP or NT-proBNP) supports the diagnosis, and echocardiography confirms it: this heart ultrasound measures the ejection fraction and looks for a valve, ischaemic or infiltrative cause. In heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction, four types of drug each lower the risk of death on their own: an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (or an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor), a beta blocker, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. These are the four pillars of therapy. Loop diuretics ease congestion and symptoms but do not change how long the patient lives. Device therapy, such as cardiac resynchronisation or an implantable defibrillator, is used in some patients with a low ejection fraction and a broad QRS or a high risk of dangerous heart rhythms. Acute pulmonary oedema (fluid suddenly flooding the lungs) is treated by sitting the patient up, giving high-flow oxygen, an intravenous loop diuretic and nitrates, with non-invasive ventilation if the patient is not improving.

Source: ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure European Society of Cardiology · tier 2, specialty society or college

A 68-year-old man has 3 months of worsening exertional breathlessness, orthopnoea and ankle swelling. His jugular venous pressure is raised, he has bibasal crackles and pitting oedema, and echocardiography shows a dilated left ventricle with an ejection fraction of 30%. His NT-proBNP is markedly raised. What is the most appropriate management?

  1. Cardiac resynchronisation or defibrillator therapy A device fitted in some patients with a low ejection fraction. That does not match a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30%.
  2. Intravenous loop diuretic, oxygen and nitrates The treatment given straight away for acute pulmonary oedema. Here, a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30% points elsewhere.
  3. A beta blocker licensed for heart failure Another pillar drug that lowers the risk of death, started once the patient is stable. It does not fit a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30%.
  4. An ACE inhibitor titrated to the maximum tolerated dose correct Correct. An ACE inhibitor is one of the pillar drugs that lowers the risk of death in heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. The dose is increased step by step to the highest the patient can tolerate.
  5. A loop diuretic for symptom relief Eases congestion but does not change how long the patient lives. But a raised NT-proBNP together with a reduced ejection fraction of 30% does not point to it.

The point: Heart failure is a syndrome of breathlessness, tiredness and fluid build-up caused by a structural or functional problem with the heart. Doctors split it by the left ventricular ejection fraction (the percentage of blood the left ventricle pumps out each beat) into reduced (40% or less), mildly reduced and preserved categories. This split matters because only the reduced-fraction group has drugs proven to change the course of the disease. A raised natriuretic peptide (BNP or NT-proBNP) supports the diagnosis, and echocardiography confirms it: this heart ultrasound measures the ejection fraction and looks for a valve, ischaemic or infiltrative cause. In heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction, four types of drug each lower the risk of death on their own: an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (or an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor), a beta blocker, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. These are the four pillars of therapy. Loop diuretics ease congestion and symptoms but do not change how long the patient lives. Device therapy, such as cardiac resynchronisation or an implantable defibrillator, is used in some patients with a low ejection fraction and a broad QRS or a high risk of dangerous heart rhythms. Acute pulmonary oedema (fluid suddenly flooding the lungs) is treated by sitting the patient up, giving high-flow oxygen, an intravenous loop diuretic and nitrates, with non-invasive ventilation if the patient is not improving.

Source: ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure European Society of Cardiology · tier 2, specialty society or college

Where MRCP Part 1 sits in the pathway

UK physician training (MRCP) runs MRCP Part 1 → MRCP Part 2 → MRCP PACES. One DocPasser account covers all of them, so moving to the next stage does not mean a new account and a progress history you can no longer see.

MRCP Part 2 · MRCP PACES

Questions people actually ask about MRCP Part 1

What is the hardest part of MRCP Part 1?

Statistics and clinical pharmacology, reliably. They carry real weight in the blueprint and are the two areas candidates most often leave until the last fortnight.

How many times can I sit MRCP Part 1?

Attempts are capped by the Federation's regulations, with the cap counted across the whole diploma. Check the current regulations before you book a resit.

What does MRCP Part 1 preparation cost?

MRCP Part 1 is a flat £20 for 12 months of access — one price, one purchase, no tiers. The first 10 questions are free, with the full explanation for every option, so you can judge the quality of the explanations before paying for anything.

DocPasser is exam preparation material, not clinical guidance. Nothing here should be used to make a decision about a real patient. Always work from your own local guidelines and seniors.